Evolution of K-Content Production and Business Models in the Korean Broadcasting Industry

Abstract

The study is framed within the context of platform capitalism theory and the C-P-N-D (Creation-Production-Network-Distribution) model. Korean broadcasting content has grown from regional popularity in Asia to a global cultural phenomenon, marked notably by the film Parasite winning the 2020 Academy Award for Best Picture, the monumental success of the series Squid Game in 2021, and the popularity of KPop Demon Hunters in 2025. This study examines the distinctive features of K-content production methods and their role in fueling the Korean Wave (Hallyu). It compares Korean and American drama production systems, highlighting differences in episode formats, script approval processes, and distribution strategies: Korean dramas commonly utilize a mini-series format that enables swift production and near-simultaneous online release, whereas American dramas typically follow a season-based model with syndication. Key characteristics defining K-content include a wholesome and feel-good appeal, deep emphasis on empathy, compelling storytelling, curiosity, the strength of Korean creative talent, glocalized storytelling, the influence of Netflix, and intense domestic competition. Following the advent of global OTT platforms, production practices have evolved significantly, reshaping distribution models, expanding narrative diversity, increasing blockbuster-level investments, enabling multi-season productions, decoupling content scheduling from traditional advertising seasons, shortening episode counts with flexible lengths, broadening global reach, and fostering greater engagement with Hollywood.